Nickel-raws li alloy hais txog ib hom hlau uas muaj zog thiab qee yam oxidation thiab corrosion kuj ntawm 650 ~ 1000 degree, nrog rau cov nickel-raws li kub-resistant alloy, npib tsib xee-raws li corrosion-resistant alloy, npib tsib xee-raws li hnav-resistant alloy, nickel-raws li precision alloy thiab npib tsib xee-raws li cov duab nco alloy. Lawv txhua tus muaj cov ntawv thov tseem ceeb, xws li npib tsib xee-raws li superalloys, uas feem ntau siv rau hauv kev tsim cov aero-engine blades thiab foob pob ua ntxaij cav, nuclear reactors, lub zog hloov dua siab tshiab, thiab lwm yam. , kev tiv thaiv teb chaws, kev kho mob thiab kev lag luam nuclear.
Vim lub siab melting point ntawm cov khoom qub ntawm cov nickel-based alloy thiab qhov yuav tsum tau muaj rau nws cov purity, cov txheej txheem nickel-raws li alloy smelting txawv ntawm cov pa smelting txoj kev, uas yog heev tshwj xeeb. Cov ntsiab lus yog raws li nram no:
1. Nqus induction melting (VIM)
Nqus induction melting (VIM) yog ib txoj kev smelting los ntawm kev siv electromagnetic induction los tsim eddy tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov hlau conductors rau cua sov rauv nqi nyob rau hauv lub nqus tsev vacuum.
VIM tuaj yeem muab kev tswj hwm ntau tshaj plaws ntawm cov tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg los tiv thaiv kev sib cuag ntawm cov kua nplaum nrog hydrogen, oxygen thiab nitrogen hauv qhov chaw. Electromagnetic stirring tsis tau tsuas yog ua kom cov kua molten sib xws, tab sis kuj tseem coj cov reactants mus rau yaj thiab lub tshuab nqus tsev sib txuas, kom cov tshuaj tom qab refining tuaj yeem ua tau zoo. Cov ntsiab lus roj thiab cov volatilization thiab nag lossis daus ntawm cov khoom tsis yog hlau tuaj yeem txhim kho cov khoom siv hluav taws xob ntawm feem ntau superalloys.
VIM rauv yog ib qho tseem ceeb smelting khoom rau zus tau tej cov nickel-base superalloys, corrosion-resistant alloys thiab lwm yam khoom tshwj xeeb alloy. Tshwj xeeb tshaj yog rau cov alloys uas muaj ntau lub ntsiab lus xws li txhuas thiab titanium, lub tshuab nqus tsev induction melting yuav tsum tau saws.
2. Electroslag remelting (ESR)
Electroslag remelting (ESR) yog ib txoj hauv kev smelting los ntawm kev siv cov cua sov ua kom muaj zog thaum tam sim no dhau los ntawm cov slag molten raws li qhov chaw tshav kub. Nws yog hais tias tam sim no dhau los ntawm kev tiv thaiv tshav kub ntawm lub pas dej ua kua slag kom yaj cov hlau electrode, thiab cov hlau molten converges rau hauv cov tee dej. Thaum cov tee dej poob, lawv dhau los ntawm txheej slag thiab nkag mus rau hauv cov hlau molten pas dej ua ke, thiab ces crystallize thiab solidify rau hauv steel ingots nyob rau hauv dej-txias crystallizer. Electroslag metallurgy yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm kev tsim cov khoom zoo tam sim no. Nws ua ke nrog kub-kub melting, tshuaj refining thiab condensation crystallization los tsim cov khoom zoo. Nws muaj qhov zoo ntawm purity siab, tsis tshua muaj leej faj cov ntsiab lus, tsis tshua muaj hlau tsis sib xws, du nto ntawm ingots, uniform thiab ntom crystallization, uniform metallographic qauv thiab tshuaj muaj pes tsawg leeg, thiab yog dav siv nyob rau hauv aerospace, tub rog, zog, shipbuilding, electronics, petrochemical Cov tshuab hnyav thiab kev thauj mus los yog qhov tseem ceeb ntawm kev lag luam hauv tebchaws.
3. Vacuum consumable arc melting (VAR)
Nqus Arc Remelting (VAR) yog siv DC fais fab mov los tsim ib qho chaw nruab nrab ntawm cov electrode thiab tooj liab crucible puag phaj muab tso rau hauv lub tsho dej hauv qab lub tshuab nqus tsev. Lub arc cua sov ua rau kub kub, yaj lub electrode, melting lub electrode thiab tsim ib tug molten pas dej ua ke nyob rau hauv cov dej-txias tooj liab crucible. Cov hlau molten ua tiav sai sai, crystallization thiab solidification rau hauv ingots.
Lub tshuab nqus tsev arc smelting feem ntau yog siv los ua kom yooj yim oxidizable hlau thiab alloys xws li stainless hlau, superalloy, titanium zirconium tantalum niobium tungsten molybdenum, thiab lwm yam, uas txo qhov poob ntawm cov khoom nquag (xws li Al thiab Ti), thiab cov txheej txheem ingot solidification. yog controllable, ho txhim kho qhov huv si, uniformity, qaug zog kuj thiab puas toughness ntawm lub ingot. Yog li ntawd, qhov sib xws thiab sib xws ntawm nws cov qauv yog qhov zoo, tus naj npawb ntawm cov kev suav nrog yog me me, thiab cov purity ntawm cov hlau yog ntxiv txhim kho. Nqus arc smelting yog tsim nyog rau smelting tshwj xeeb hlau, nquag thiab refractory hlau xws li titanium, molybdenum thiab niobium.
Nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb uas feem ntau cov ntaub ntawv tshwj xeeb xws li zoo superalloys thiab corrosion-resistant alloys nyob rau hauv tsev thiab txawv teb chaws yog tsim tsis yog los ntawm ib tug txheej txheem, tab sis los ntawm ib tug ob los yog triple txheej txheem, uas yog, los ntawm lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv ntxiv rau electroslag remelting rauv (VIM. ntxiv rau ESR) lossis lub tshuab nqus tsev induction rauv ntxiv rau lub tshuab nqus tsev nqus (VIM ntxiv rau VAR). Kuj tseem muaj qee qhov kev lag luam hnyav, xws li cov khoom siv tub rog, uas yog tsim los ntawm (VIM plus ESR plus VAR).
